Common Vampire Bat
Desmodus rotundus (E.Geoffroy, 1810)
Names
| English | Common Vampire Bat |
|---|---|
| Dutch | Gewone Vampier |
| Spanish | Murciélago vampiro común |
| Chinese | 圆铰齿蝠 |
| Scientific name | Desmodus rotundus (E.Geoffroy, 1810) |
About this species
The common vampire bat (Desmodus rotundus) is a small, leaf-nosed bat native to the Americas. It is one of three extant species of vampire bats, the other two being the hairy-legged and the white-winged vampire bats.
The common vampire bat practices hematophagy, mainly feeding on the blood of livestock. The bat usually approaches its prey at night while they are sleeping. It then uses its razor-sharp teeth to cut open the skin of its hosts and lap up their blood with its long tongue. The species is highly polygynous, and dominant adult males defend groups of females. It is one of the most social of bat species with a number of cooperative behaviors such as social grooming and food sharing. Because it feeds on livestock and is a carrier of rabies, the common vampire bat is considered a pest.
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El murciélago vampiro común (Desmodus rotundus del griego "Δεσμός" y "Οδούς" "Diente unido" ) es una especie de murciélago de la subfamilia de los desmodontinos (murciélagos vampiros) nativo del Neotrópico, y en la actualidad es la única especie existente del género Desmodus. Se encuentra en los bosques y plantaciones, desde México hasta el norte de Chile y Argentina, hasta los 2900 m de altitud.
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吸血蝠（学名：Desmodus rotundus），又称普通吸血蝠（英语：Common vampire bat），为哺乳纲翼手目叶口蝠科的一属，是一种原产于美洲的小型蝙蝠。而与吸血蝠同科的动物尚有白翼吸血蝠、毛腿吸血蝠、大纹面蝠属等之数种哺乳动物。是三种现存的吸血蝙蝠之一，另两种分别为毛腿吸血蝠和白翼吸血蝠。
普通吸血蝠通常夜间行动，趁牲畜睡觉时取食它们的血。它们剃刀般锋利的牙齿可以轻易切开动物的皮肤，接着便用长舌头舔舐血液（它们的唾液含抗凝血剂和麻醉成分，所以不会察觉）。
普通吸血蝠为一夫多妻制，雄性头领会保卫自己的配偶们。在所有蝙蝠里，这个物种的社会化程度是最高的，个体之间存在合作行为、社交修饰，以及分享食物。由于他们以牲畜的血为食还会传播狂犬病，因此被当地人视为害兽。
重15~50公克，长约8公分。
普通吸血蝠唾液的抗凝特性，启发了基因工程药物去氨普酶的开发，该药物已被证明可以增加中风患者的血流量。
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Classification
| Kingdom | Animalia |
|---|---|
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Mammalia |
| Order | Chiroptera |
| Family | Phyllostomidae |
| Genus | Desmodus |
In Suriname
Where it has been recorded
- Sipaliwini26
- Para1
Districts with at least one record that has coordinates. Shaded districts have records.
Records by month
All years combined.
