
Spectral bat
Vampyrum spectrum (Linnaeus, 1758)
Names
| English | Spectral bat |
|---|---|
| Dutch | Vampiervleermuis |
| Spanish | Murciélago espectral |
| Chinese | 美洲假吸血蝠 |
| Scientific name | Vampyrum spectrum (Linnaeus, 1758) |
About this species
The spectral bat (Vampyrum spectrum), also called the great false vampire bat, great spectral bat, American false vampire bat or Linnaeus's false vampire bat, is a large, carnivorous leaf-nosed bat found in Mexico, Central America, and South America. It is the only member of the genus Vampyrum; its closest living relative is the big-eared woolly bat. It is the largest bat species in the New World, as well as the largest carnivorous bat: its wingspan is 0.7–1.0 m (2.3–3.3 ft). It has a robust skull and teeth, with which it delivers a powerful bite to kill its prey. Birds are frequent prey items, though it may also consume rodents, insects, and other bats.
Unlike the majority of bat species, it is monogamous. Colonies consist of an adult male and female and their offspring. The adult male will bring food back to the roost to provision the adult female and their offspring. Colonies generally roost in tree hollows, though individuals may roost in caves.
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El murciélago espectral (Vampyrum spectrum) es una especie de mamífero quiróptero de la familia de los filostómidos y único miembro del género Vampyrum. Algunos nombres alternativos para esta especie son falso vampiro, falso vampiro de Linneo, y murciélago vampiro espectral. Sin embargo, no están relacionados con la familia del Viejo Mundo de los murciélagos carnívoros que se encuentran en Megadermatidae que también son llamados falsos vampiros.
Su población se encuentra en decrecimiento.
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美洲假吸血蝠(学名:Vampyrum spectrum),属哺乳纲翼手目叶口蝠科,也是美洲假吸血蝠属的唯一物种,栖息于墨西哥、中美洲及南美洲。其同科近亲有窄齿长舌蝠属(窄齿长舌蝠)、缨唇蝠属(缨唇蝠)、圆耳蝠属(圆耳蝠)等之数种。
美洲假吸血蝠为新大陆上最大型的蝙蝠,同时也是最大型的肉食性蝙蝠,翼展可达 0.7—1.0米(2.3—3.3英尺)。具有粗壮的头颅与牙齿,可以透过强大的咬合力杀死猎物,多半以鸟类、囓齿类、昆虫或其他蝙蝠为食。
和其他大部分的蝙蝠不同,美洲假吸血蝠为单配偶制,群体由一头成年雄性与一头成年雌性及牠们的后代所组成,雄性负责将食物带回巢穴喂养群体,多半位于树洞之中。由于数量稀少加上栖息地破坏的威胁,美洲假吸血蝠已被国际自然保护联盟标为近危物种。
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Classification
| Kingdom | Animalia |
|---|---|
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Mammalia |
| Order | Chiroptera |
| Family | Phyllostomidae |
| Genus | Vampyrum |
In Suriname
Where it has been recorded
- Sipaliwini2
- Para1
Districts with at least one record that has coordinates. Shaded districts have records.


