
Sunbittern
Eurypyga helias (Pallas, 1781)
Names
| English | Sunbittern |
|---|---|
| Dutch | Zonneral |
| Spanish | Ave sol |
| Chinese | 日𫛚 |
| Scientific name | Eurypyga helias (Pallas, 1781) |
About this species
The sunbittern (Eurypyga helias) is a bittern-like bird of tropical regions of the Americas, and the sole member of the family Eurypygidae (sometimes spelled Eurypigidae) and genus Eurypyga. It is found in Central and South America, and has three subspecies. The sunbittern shows both morphological and molecular similarities with the kagu (Rhynochetos jubatus) of New Caledonia, indicating a Gondwanan origin, both species being placed in the clade Eurypygiformes.
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La tigana, tepozcalcarau, pavito de agua, ave sol, garza del sol o tamrilla (Eurypyga helias) es una especie de ave del orden Euripygyformes, única representante de su género (Eurypyga) y de su familia (Eurypygidae). Habita en las regiones tropicales de América.
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日𫛚(学名:Eurypyga helias,英语:Sunbittern,西班牙语:Tigana),又作南美拟鹭,是日𫛚目日𫛚科日𫛚属下的唯一一种鸟类。这种鸟类主要分布于中美洲及南美洲的水域边,主要以水中的各种昆虫、甲壳类和鱼类为食。日𫛚以其特殊的翅膀纹路闻名,被命名者彼得·西蒙·帕拉斯以“太阳之鹭”描述,被认为是最独特和美丽的水鸟之一。
日𫛚全身有白黑褐等多种颜色所形成的保护色,其翅膀上藏有两块由橘色及黑色构成的显眼“太阳”眼斑,只在其飞行、求偶或威吓潜在掠食者时才会对外展示。在过去,它们曾因其外观被认为是一种鹭,并被划分成两个物种,但现在经由研究确认其现存的近亲为远在新喀里多尼亚的鹭鹤,并且是一种单型物种。
这种鸟类在繁殖时多利用雨季产生的泥巴、苔藓和枯叶在树枝或地面上筑巢。每次产2枚卵,27—30天后孵化出全身带有绒毛的雏鸟,幼鸟会在没有过渡羽毛的情况下逐步换成成鸟羽毛,并在孵化后约3—4星期离巢。
因为日𫛚的生性较为谨慎而较难被人类发现,因此其野生数量较难以统计,但仍被认为有遭受栖地破坏以及被狩猎的问题使其族群数量下降。但仍因其分布广泛且数量下降的幅度并不快,在《国际自然保护联盟濒危物种红色名录》中被列入无危物种。
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Classification
| Kingdom | Animalia |
|---|---|
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Eurypygiformes |
| Family | Eurypygidae |
| Genus | Eurypyga |
In Suriname
Where it has been recorded
- Sipaliwini54
- Brokopondo20
- Para9
- Commewijne8
- Nickerie3
- Paramaribo3
- Coronie1
Districts with at least one record that has coordinates. Shaded districts have records.
Records by month
All years combined.
